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Investing and Economics Blog

Monopolies and Oligopolies do not a Free Market Make

Pretty much everyone (certainly the vast majority of regulators and politicians) have no clue about capitalism. The concept that a “free market” should be allowed to operate is theoretical, based on “perfect competition” (which essentially means zero barriers to entry). Obviously the politicians support, not capitalism (which would require regulation of imperfect markets (and certainly not support consolidation past the point of many competing companies), but the idea that those with the gold make the rules. Natural monopolies (like gas distribution, electricity, likely internet infrastructure…) should be fully regulated companies which then have the infrastructure accessed by multiple competitors (none of which own the natural monopoly – of course).

With some market that is even remotely in the area where a capitalist free market was in place, it is very simple to not have to deal with companies that treat customers horribly (like Verizon, Comcast, Time Warner Cable…) you just chose another company to deal with.

But these companies want to have the government allow them to create a monopoly (or something extremely close) and then claim to be in favor of capitalism (and further make ludicrous claims about what capitalism would suggest about regulation in oligopolistic markets). These ideas is so laughable that if politicians had even a sense of economic understanding they would adopt the appropriate capitalist response (for government).

Obviously, regulation is required as the market moves away from the area of “perfect competition.” When some huge company wants to buy some other huge company (say creating greater than 10% of the market combined) this would be rejected. If the market is a natural monopoly where the free market is not the proper capitalist market (such as one where the government would allow the proper capitalist response to players in the market attempting to break the free market by gaining to much control), then, of course a regulated natural monopoly would take on that economic task. This is not really complicated stuff.

The idea that businesses would try to suppress the free market (by gaining power that suppress competition) is not some new brilliant idea. At the creation of capitalist thought this was an obvious flaw in the practical application of free markets recognized by all. The government role was to assure that the market stayed very close to perfect competition (though obviously “perfect” was a high goal).

Adam Smith, in the Wealth of Nations:

People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise the prices

His solution was not, as many ignorantly state today, to find a “free market” solution. Government responsibility was to enforce competition and not allow monopolistic, oligopolistic practices to divert public gain to private hands. The idea is to regulate so that the market can function to allocate capital most effectively. Without such regulation, those defining capitalism knew that the powerful would attempt to repress markets and extract private gains from their power to avoid the market place (unless government prevented such consolidation of power).

In reaction to: More Telecom Mergers – Great… (yet another horrible customer service example from the telecommunications oligopoly world).

Related: Not Understanding Capitalism – Using Capitalism to Create a Better World

June 10th, 2008 by John Hunter | 7 Comments | Tags: Economics

Comments

7 Comments so far

  1. Curious Cat Science and Engineering Blog » Gmail Failure on June 14, 2008 5:08 pm

    [...] with no significant response one can only draw the conclusion that they are dealing with another Verizon or Comcast or the long litany of companies that cannot be trusted to treat you well or even [...]

  2. Robert on July 11, 2008 12:25 pm

    I have to disagree about how market regulation is needed in “imperfect markets”. Walrasian equilibrium is based upon perfect competition (no barrier to entry) and perfect knowledge, which is usually implied when people say free markets require such. In practice, no industry can possibly meet these claims. Thus, all markets should be regulated, which is simply another way of saying using authority to prohibit certain contracts and exchanges that would be otherwise voluntarily accepted. I don’t think this is true. Rather, if you look at the work of Mises, he vied for a free market, but based his economic theories on imperfect competition and imperfect knowledge. Even under these limits, his theories still point to a free market being the best form of economic efficiency and benefit to all.

    In the case of cartels, apparently the market works better than anti-trust regulation. Of course, government restrictions on competition range greatly throughout the entire economy. We should certainly get rid of all of them. Yet, anti-trust turns out to be another such tool for the monopolistic company in government favor.

    Check out Armentano’s analysis of how anti-trust regulation has been used to harm competitors more often than it has broken up cartels:
    http://mises.org/books/antitrust.pdf

  3. Ignorance of Capitalism at Curious Cat Investing and Economics Blog on September 8, 2008 8:56 am

    [...] reinforce ideas based on ignorance then many, that can’t think for themselves, accept idiotic ideas like “free markets” should allow oligopolies to consolidate reducing the benefits of capitalism, that polluters should be allowed to push [...]

  4. CuriousCat: Canadaian Banks Avoid Failures Common Elsewhere on October 10, 2008 5:45 pm

    “High banking standards have kept Canada’s financial institutions afloat and out of the kind of trouble that has sunk many of their international peers, Finance Minister Jim Flaherty said Wednesday…”

  5. Greenspan Says He Was Wrong On Regulation at Curious Cat Investing and Economics Blog on October 24, 2008 8:38 am

    [...] to people that have thought enough to have an opinion on the benefits of free markets. The dangers of monopolies and business people conspiring to extract benefit (for those in the cartel, trust, [...]

  6. Why America Needs an Economic Strategy at Curious Cat Investing and Economics Blog on November 6, 2008 11:25 pm

    [...] as a share of GDP has actually declined, while it has risen in many other countries. … A creeping relaxation of antitrust enforcement has allowed mergers to dominate markets. Ironically, these mergers are often justified by [...]

  7. Curious Cat Management Improvement Blog » How Private Equity Strangled Mervyns on December 12, 2008 2:06 pm

    [...] do not like the actions of many in “private equity.” I am a big fan of capitalism. I just object to those that unjustly take from the other stakeholders involved. It is not the [...]

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